The Kitayivsky complex is a unique object of cultural heritage in one of the most valuable historical districts of Kyiv. The complex consists of historical tracts, monuments of archeology, architectural ensembles, a unique landscape, natural monuments, has a rich and ancient history (Late Trypil, Old Russian, late medieval times), therefore it has long and constantly attracted the attention of historians, archaeologists, art critics, local historians as a "witness of three civilizations".
The components of the Kitayivsky complex are:
Archaeological and speleological:
- The Chinaiv archaeological complex (IX-XIII centuries) is a hillfort, a settlement, a burial mound, which consists of three groups of burial mounds, a cave complex, which consists of two main groups, the first of which is a system of caves in the middle of China Mountain.
- The second group of caves is within the territory of the former Spaso-Preobrazhensky hermitage.
- Architectural and urban planning – the ensemble of the Chinaiv desert and the complex of the Spaso-Preobrazhensky hermitage.
- Nature reserve fund, which constitutes the landscape of the territory and the available flora and fauna.
China archaeological complex
Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian PCP No. 711 of July 21, 1965 approved the list of monuments of art, history and archeology of republican significance submitted by the Ministry of Culture of the Ukrainian SSR and the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR. The mentioned list includes "Kytaiv settlement and barrows of the era of Kyivan Rus" (Korchuvate village of Moscow district of Kyiv).
On April 5, 1986, a passport with the name "Kitaivske gorodishche, settlement and burial ground" was drawn up as a monument, according to which "Kitaivske gorodishche belongs to the number of forts built on the slopes of the right bank of the Dnieper as sentry points over the river valley, and next to the fort a settlement and a burial ground arose, which are directly related to it."
By Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 1761 of December 27, 2001, the archaeological monument "Kitaivske Gorodishche and Burial Burial Ground" was entered into the State Register of Immovable Monuments of Ukraine (developed Middle Ages, Kyiv Rus, location - 15 Kaitivska St. in the city of Kyiv) .
By Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 928 of September 3, 2009, the archaeological monument of national significance "Kytaivske Gorodishche and Burial Burial Ground" was entered into the State Register of Immovable Monuments of Ukraine and assigned security number 260026-Н.
The Chinaiv archaeological complex (an archeological site of national importance "Kitaiv hillfort and burial mound", protection number 260026-Н) has 5 separate components: a fortified part (a hillfort with an area of 6.1 hectares), an unfortified part (a settlement with an area of 32.2 hectares ), burial mound (area of group 1 – 2.17 ha, group 2 – 4.47 ha), cave complex, settlement in the Vynogradne tract (area – 1.34 ha).
A total of 19 objects of cultural heritage are located on the territory of the archaeological monument of national importance "Kitaivske Gorodishche and Kurganny Mogilnik", including the architectural monument of national importance "Troitska Tserkva" (15 Kaitivska St.; Decree of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR dated 24.08. .1963 No. 970, security No. 38).
There are also 2 natural monuments of local importance here: 5 Japanese sophoras, 150 years old, and near the Trinity Church, the chestnut tree of Peter's Tomb grows - a botanical monument of nature. According to legend, the chestnut tree was planted by Metropolitan of Kyiv Peter Mohyla, but the age of the tree does not correspond to the years of the metropolitan's life. This is the oldest and largest chestnut tree in Kyiv. Its age is about 350 years, the diameter of the trunk is 1.1 m, the height is 25 m.
Part of the monument territory is located within the park-monument of horticultural art of national importance "Holosiiv Forest" (resolution of the collegium of the State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR on Nature Protection of 26.07.1972 No. 22, resolution of the State Committee of the Ukrainian SSR on Ecology and Rational nature management dated 30.08.1990 No. 18). In this part there is 1 natural landmark of local importance - "The upper lake-pond from the Chinaiv cascade of ponds" (decision of the Kyiv City Council dated 02.12.1999 No. 147/649).
See the collection of artifacts from Kitayev in 3D:
https://sketchfab.com/lab_archaic/collections/save-kytayiv